Posted in FEATURED, MICRO HABITS, NEW, RESOURCES, SUPERFOOD

Add one more superfood to your menu

You probably include some superfoods in your meals already, but there may be room for improvement. Superfoods are nutrient-dense, whole foods packed with vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants that support overall health, reduce disease risk, and boost energy. While technically a marketing term rather than a medical definition, incorporating foods like berries, leafy greens, nuts, and salmon provides significant health benefits. Here are 10 superfoods identified in a 2022 article on the Harvard Medical School Health Publishing website:

  1. Berries. High in fiber, berries are naturally sweet, and their rich colors mean they are high in antioxidants and disease-fighting nutrients.
  2. Fish. Fish can be a good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which help prevent heart disease.
  3. Leafy greens. Dark, leafy greens are a good source of vitamin A, vitamin C, and calcium, as well as several phytochemicals (chemicals made by plants that have a positive effect on your health). They also add fiber into the diet.
  4. Nuts. Hazelnuts, walnuts, almonds, pecans — nuts are a good source of plant protein. They also contain monounsaturated fats, which may be a factor in reducing the risk of heart disease.
  5. Olive oil. Olive oil is a good source of vitamin E, polyphenols, and monounsaturated fatty acids, all which help reduce the risk of heart disease.
  6. Whole grains. A good source of both soluble and insoluble fiber, whole grains also contain several B vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients. They have been shown to lower cholesterol and protect against heart disease and diabetes.
  7. Yogurt. A good source of calcium and protein, yogurt also contains live cultures called probiotics. These “good bacteria” can protect the body from other, more harmful bacteria.
  8. Cruciferous vegetables. These include broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, kohlrabi, mustard greens, radishes, and turnips. They are an excellent source of fiber, vitamins, and phytochemicals including indoles, thiocyanates, and nitriles, which may prevent against some types of cancer.
  9. Legumes. This broad category includes kidney, black, red, and garbanzo beans, as well as soybeans and peas. Legumes are an excellent source of fiber, folate, and plant-based protein. Studies show they can help reduce the risk of heart disease.
  10. Tomatoes. These are high in vitamin C and lycopene, which has been shown to reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
Posted in FEATURED, NEW, RECIPES, Salads

Chickpea Salad

  • INGREDIENTS
    • 15 oz canned CHICKPEAS, drained and rinsed
    • 1/2 c finely chopped CELERY
    • 1/4 c finely chopped RED ONION
    • 2 Tbsp chopped parsley
    • 1/3 c AGUAFABA, reserved from chickpea can
    • 2 Tbsp DIJON MUSTARD
    • 1 tsp LEMON JUICE
    • 1/2 tsp DRIED DILL (or 2 tsp FRESH DILL)
    • Few pinches of SEAWEED FLAKES (optional)
    • BLACK PEPPER, to taste
  • DIRECTIONS
    1. Mash about half the CHICKPEAS
    2. Stir in CELERY, ONION, and PARSLEY
    3. In a separate bowl, mix AGUAFABA, DIJON MUSTARD, LEMON JUICE, DILL, SEAWEED FLAKES, and BLACK PEPPER
    4. Pour the mustard sauce onto the chickpea mixture and mix until well-coated
Posted in FEATURED, NEW, NUTRIENTS

Zinc

What does zinc do?
Zinc aids growth, DNA synthesis, and immune function. Zinc is an essential nutrient, meaning that your body can’t produce or store it. Zinc may effectively reduce inflammation, boost immune health, reduce risk of age-related diseases, speed wound healing, and improve acne symptoms.

How much do I need?
Th RDA is 11 mg for males and 8 mg for females (11 mg in pregnancy and 12mg in lactation).

What are some good plant food sources of zinc?
Beans, seeds, and nuts are rich in zinc.

Plant-based food souruces of zincserving%DV OF ZINC
baked beans1/2 cup26
dried pumpkin seeds1 oz20
dry roasted cashews1 oz15
cooked chickpeas1/2 cup12
dry roasted almonds1 oz8
cooked kidney beans1/2 cup8
cooked green peas1/2 cup5
Source: NIH

Are supplements recommended?
Most people meet the RDA of 11 mg for males and 8 mg for females through diet, but older adults, those following restrictive diets, and people with conditions that inhibit zinc absorption may need to supplement. Because high dose zinc supplements can lead to dangerous side effects, it’s important to stick to recommendations and only take supplements when necessary.

Zinc-Rich Foods and Recipes

Almond Facts

Almonds are rich in Vitamin E, magnesium, and manganese Almond is the edible seed of Prunus dulcis, a species of tree native to Iran but widely cultivated elsewhere. It is classified with the peach in the subgenus Amygdalus, distinguished from the other subgenera by corrugations on the shell surrounding the seed. Almonds are sold shelled…

Cashew Facts

Cashews pack 67% of the daily copper requirement, needed to form red blood cells.

Posted in FEATURED, MICRO HABITS, NEW, RESOURCES

From Tiny Change to Lasting Habit

I used to think that discipline meant giving up things, doing hard, painful, unpleasant things (“no pain, no gain”), never failing to keep a resolution. In other words, doing things that I am incapable of doing long term. It took me a long time to realize the power of small changes, small actions, pleasant (or at least do-able) actions that can become good habits. I’ve learned to accept a lapse in a habit as something temporary that can be corrected next time around, like tomorrow, not a whip that I should use to flagellate myself for being a loser. Not all small actions turn into habits, but some do, and now, after 6 years of moving toward better eating, healthier patterns of rest, movement, and dealing with mental clutter, I can feel some tangible benefits.

Here are some food-related changes that can move you in the direction of better health.

Add one more superfood to your menu

You probably include some superfoods in your meals already, but there may be room for improvement. Superfoods are nutrient-dense, whole foods packed with vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants that support overall health, reduce disease risk, and boost energy.

From Tiny Change to Lasting Habit

I used to think that discipline meant giving up things, doing hard, painful, unpleasant things (“no pain, no gain”), never failing to keep a resolution. In other words, doing things that I am incapable of doing long term. It took me a long time to realize the power of small changes, small actions, pleasant (or…

Start the day with a smoothie

No time for breakfast? Start your day with a delicious nutrient-loaded smoothie. If your mornings are rushed, make it the night before. You’re off to a good start, no matter what happens during the rest of the day. No recipe needed. You can throw in what you like, what you need, what you want, what…

Posted in FEATURED, MICRO HABITS, NEW, RECIPES, RESOURCES

Start the day with a smoothie

No time for breakfast? Start your day with a delicious nutrient-loaded smoothie. If your mornings are rushed, make it the night before. You’re off to a good start, no matter what happens during the rest of the day. No recipe needed. You can throw in what you like, what you need, what you want, what you have on hand. Here are a few ideas to start you thinking.

  • Suggested Ingredients
    • Leafy Greens: Spinach and kale are common, providing vitamins with a mild taste that is easy to hide.
    • Berries & Fruits: Blueberries (high in antioxidants), acai, mango, banana (for creaminess), and lemon (for cleansing).
    • Seeds & Nuts: Chia seeds, flaxseeds, and hemp seeds add Omega-3 fatty acids and fiber.
    • Healthy Fats & Boosters: Avocado (creamy texture), turmeric (anti-inflammatory), ginger (digestion), cacao, and spirulina.
    • Protein: Greek yogurt, protein powder, or silken tofu. 
  • A Few Superfood Smoothie Recipes
    • Green Detox Smoothie: Blend 1 cup spinach/kale, 1/2 cup coconut water, 1/4 avocado, 1 tbsp chia seeds, 1/2 cucumber, and ginger.
    • Antioxidant Mixed Berry & Cocoa: Blend 1 cup mixed berries, 1/2 cup almond milk, 2 tbsp hemp hearts, 1 tbsp flax seeds, and 1 tbsp raw cocoa powder.
    • Tropical Turmeric Mango: Blend 1 cup frozen pineapple, 1/2 cup mango, 1/2 cup coconut water, 1 tsp turmeric, and 2 tbsp hemp hearts.
    • Blueberry Avocado Powerhouse: Combine 1 cup frozen blueberries, 1/2 cup Greek yogurt, 1/2 cup avocado, and 1 tbsp chia seeds.
    • Chocolate Peanut Butter Powerhouse: Mix 1 cup coconut milk, 1 scoop chocolate protein, 1/2 cup blueberries, 1 cup spinach, 1 banana, and 1 tbsp almond butter. 
  • Some Tips for Superfood Smoothies
    • Use Frozen Fruit: Using frozen berries or bananas creates a thicker, creamier texture without needing extra ice.
    • Balance the Nutrients: Follow a 50/50 rule, aiming for 50% vegetables (like spinach) and 50% fruit to lower sugar content.
    • Boost Fiber and Protein: Add 1 tablespoon of chia or flax seeds to boost satiety (fullness) and fiber intake.
    • Avoid Added Sugars: Rely on the natural sweetness of fruit rather than honey or syrup, and use unsweetened milk alternatives.
    • Make it a Bowl: Increase the thickness and top with nuts, seeds, or berries for a smoothie bowl. 
Posted in FEATURED, NUTRIENTS

Vitamin K

What does Vitamin K do?
Vitamin K is an essential nutrient that plays a critical role in blood clotting, wound healing, and bone health. People who don’t have enough vitamin K in their system are at greater risk of increased bleeding and bone fractures.

How much do I need?
The recommended daily amount for adults 19 years or older is 120 mcg for males and 90 mcg for females.

Are supplements recommended?
Most people can get enough vitamin K through a balanced diet, making vitamin K supplements unnecessary. Also, the liver stores extra vitamin K, which can eliminate the need for daily consumption. Vitamin K deficiency in adults is rare, but may occur in people taking medications. Newborns are sometimes deficient because vitamin K does not cross the placenta, and breast milk contains a low amount. The limited amount of blood clotting proteins at birth increases the risk of bleeding in infants if they are not given vitamin K supplements. Antibiotics may decrease vitamin K levels, especially if taken for more than a few weeks. People who have a poor appetite while using long-term antibiotics may be at greater risk for a deficiency, and may benefit from a vitamin K supplement. People who are taking blood-thinners, such as warfarin (Coumadin), should avoid suddenly beginning to eat more or fewer foods containing vitamin K, as this vitamin plays a vital role in blood clotting.

What are some good plant food sources of Vitamin K?
Mustard Greens, Beet Greens, Collard Greens, Swiss Chard, Kale, Spinach, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, and Green Beans are among the many good sources of Vitamin K. Because vitamin K is fat-soluble, it is best to eat vitamin K foods with some fat to improve absorption. So, drizzle some olive oil or add diced avocado to your favorite leafy green salad!

Plant Food Sources of Vitamin K

Spinach Facts

Spinach (español: espinacas) is a leafy green flowering plant whose leaves are consumed cooked or raw. Spinach is a good source of VITAMIN C, IRON, POTASSIUM, VITAMIN E, and MAGNESIUM. The possible health benefits of consuming spinach include blood glucose control, lower risk of cancer, and improved bone health. As part of a nutritious diet, it can help support immune function,…

Broccoli Facts

Broccoli, which has more protein than most other vegetables, is also high in fiber, vitamin C, vitamin K, iron, and potassium.

Posted in FEATURED, NUTRIENTS, RESOURCES

Guide to Nutrients


Posted in FEATURED, NEW, NUTRIENTS

Fat

What does fat do?
Fat is an important nutrient your body needs for energy, cell growth, and absorbing certain vitamins. While some dietary fat is necessary, limiting total fat and saturated fat may improve your overall health. Dietary fat is a calorie dense nutrient, and including too much in your diet may contribute to excess body weight. Saturated fats raise your LDL (“bad”) cholesterol and increase your risk of cardiovascular disease. Replacing them with unsaturated fats as part of a healthy diet can help you lower your cholesterol and maintain a moderate weight.

How much do I need?
For most adults, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that total fat not exceed 20% to 35% of daily calories. Saturated fat should not be more thhan 10% of daily calories. Unsaturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature. They come from plant sources and fatty fish, like salmon. Including unsaturated fats in your diet may lower your LDL cholesterol levels. They also provide essential fatty acids your body needs but can’t produce, like omega-6s and omega-3s. Trans fats are created artificially and also occur naturally in small amounts in some animal products. Trans fats raise your LDL cholesterol and lower your HDL (“good”) cholesterol. The main source of artificial trans fats in processed foods is partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. These fats are solid at room temperature and can improve the taste and shelf life of foods. The Food and Drug Administration no longer recognizes partially hydrogenated vegetable oils as safe. As of July 2018, manufacturers can no longer add them to foods in the United States.

Are supplements recommended?
Vegans or individuals with severe dietary restrictions may need Omega-3 (EPA/DHA) supplements if they are not consuming enough from plant-based

What are some good plant food sources of fat?
OLIVE OIL, CANOLA OIL, SOYBEAN OIL, WALNUTS, FLAXSEEDS, SUNFLOWER SEEDS, AVOCADOS, PEANUT BUTTER

Plant Foods Rich in Healthy Fats

Avocado Facts *superfood*

Avocados improve heart health; support eye, skin, and hair health; fight cancer cell growth; promote weight loss; enhance digestive health; protect against diabetes; and decrease arthritis symptoms.

Walnut Facts

Some benefits of eating walnuts are heart health, prevention of cancer, bone health, immune system function, nerve health, and regulation of body clock.

Flaxseed Facts

Among the claims made for it are that it may reduce cancer risk, improve cholesterol, lower blood pressure, help control blood sugar, and aid in weight control. The health benefits were observed with just 1 tablespoon (10 grams) of ground flax seeds per day. However

Posted in FEATURED, NUTRIENTS

Magnesium

What does magnesium do?
Magnesium is essential for maintaining good health and plays a key role in everything from exercise performance to heart health and brain function. One of its main roles is to act as a cofactor in the biochemical reactions continuously performed by enzymes. It’s involved in more than 600 reactions in your body, including:

  • Energy creation: converting food into energy
  • Protein formation: creating new proteins from amino acids
  • Gene maintenance: helping create and repair DNA and RNA
  • Muscle movements: aiding in muscle contraction and relaxation
  • Nervous system regulation: regulating neurotransmitters, which send messages throughout your brain and nervous system

How much do I need?

AGEMALEFEMALEPREGNANCYLACTATION
Birth to 6 months30 mg*30 mg*
7 to 12 months75 mg*75 mg*
1 to 3 years80 mg80 mg
4 to 8 years130 mg130 mg
9 to 13 years240 mg240 mg
14 to 18 years410 mg360 mg400 mg360 mg
19 to 30 years400 mg310 mg350 mg310 mg
31 to 50 years420 mg320 mg360 mg320 mg
51+ years420 mg320 mg

Are supplements recommended?
Approximately 50% of U.S. adults get less than the recommended daily amount of magnesium, Magnesium supplements may be especially beneficial for older adults and those with a deficiency in this nutrient. There are several types of magnesium supplements. Here is a guide to the different types to help choose the most effective magnesium supplement. Consult a healthcare professional to find the best form and dosage for your specific needs.

  • For Sleep/Anxiety: Magnesium Glycinate or Taurate.
  • For Constipation: Magnesium Citrate or Oxide (use oxide cautiously).
  • For Brain Health: Magnesium L-Threonate.
  • For Energy/Pain: Magnesium Malate.
  • For General Deficiency: Magnesium Citrate, Glycinate, or Malate.

What are some good plant food sources of magnesium?
PUMPKIN SEEDS, CHIA SEEDS, SPINACH, ALMONDS, CASHEWS

  • Pumpkin seeds: 37% of the DV per ounce (28 grams)
  • Chia seeds: 26% of the DV per ounce (28 grams)
  • Spinach, boiled: 19% of the DV per 1/2 cup (90 grams)
  • Almonds: 19% of the DV per ounce (28 grams)
  • Cashews: 18% of the DV per ounce (28 grams)
  • Black beans, cooked: 14% of the DV per 1/2 cup (86 grams)
  • Edamame, cooked: 12% of the DV per 1/2 cup (78 grams)
  • Peanut butter: 12% of the DV per 2 tablespoons (32 grams)
  • Brown rice, cooked: 10% of the DV per 1/2 cup (100 grams)
  • Avocado: 5% of the DV per 1/2 cup (75 grams)

Source: Healthline

Some Magnesium-Rich Foods

Spinach Facts

Spinach (español: espinacas) is a leafy green flowering plant whose leaves are consumed cooked or raw. Spinach is a good source of VITAMIN C, IRON, POTASSIUM, VITAMIN E, and MAGNESIUM. The possible health benefits of consuming spinach include blood glucose control, lower risk of cancer, and improved bone health. As part of a nutritious diet, it can help support immune function,…

Chia Seed Facts

Chia is a flowering plant in the mint family, native to central and southern Mexico and Guatemala. It is rich in calcium, phosphorous, and other minerals.

Almond Facts

Almonds are rich in Vitamin E, magnesium, and manganese Almond is the edible seed of Prunus dulcis, a species of tree native to Iran but widely cultivated elsewhere. It is classified with the peach in the subgenus Amygdalus, distinguished from the other subgenera by corrugations on the shell surrounding the seed. Almonds are sold shelled…

Cashew Facts

Cashews pack 67% of the daily copper requirement, needed to form red blood cells.

Avocado Facts *superfood*

Avocados improve heart health; support eye, skin, and hair health; fight cancer cell growth; promote weight loss; enhance digestive health; protect against diabetes; and decrease arthritis symptoms.

Posted in FEATURED, NUTRIENTS

Manganese

What does manganese do?
Manganese is a trace mineral found in bones, liver, kidneys, and pancreas that helps form connective tissue, bones, blood clotting factors, and sex hormones.

How much do I need?
Adult males need 2.3 mg; adult females, 1.8 mg

Are supplements recommended?
Manganese supplements are generally not needed for most people because a balanced diet rich in whole grains, nuts, leafy greens, and legumes usually provides sufficient amounts. Severe PMS, osteopenia, or type 2 diabetes can cause a deficiency. However, manganese supplements can be toxic. Anyone who is at risk of deficiency should consult a healthcare provider before taking them.

What are some good plant food sources of manganese?
Hazelnuts, Pecans, Brown Rice, Chickpeas, Spinach, Raw Pineapple, Soybeans, Oatmeal, and Whole Wheat Bread are good plant food sources of manganese.

plant food SourcemG of manganese%DV
1 oz dry roasted hazelnuts1.670
1 oz dry roasted pecans1.148
1.2 cup cooked brown rice1.148
1/2 cup cooked chickpeas0.939
1/2 cup boiled spinach0.835
1/2 cup raw pineapple chunks0.835
1/2 cup boiled soybeans0.730
1 slice whole-wheat bread0.730
1/2 cup cooked oatmeal0.730

Manganese-Rich Foods

Spinach Facts

Spinach (español: espinacas) is a leafy green flowering plant whose leaves are consumed cooked or raw. Spinach is a good source of VITAMIN C, IRON, POTASSIUM, VITAMIN E, and MAGNESIUM. The possible health benefits of consuming spinach include blood glucose control, lower risk of cancer, and improved bone health. As part of a nutritious diet, it can help support immune function,…

Posted in FEATURED, RECIPES

Guacamole

This traditional guacamole combination is served all over Mexico as a side dish with chips, or as a main ingredient in a taco.

  • PREP 20 min / SERVES 4
  • INGREDIENTS
    • 2 peeled ripe AVOCADOS
    • 1/2 c chopped TOMATOES
    • 1/4 c chopped ONION
    • 1/4 c chopped CILANTRO
    • 1 clove crushed GARLIC
    • 2 Tbsps LEMON JUICE
    • 1 small SERRANO CHILE, seeded and chopped
    • SALT and PEPPER to taste
  • INSTRUCTIONS
    1. Mash the avocados until creamy
    2. Add other ingredients and stir lightly until well mixed

Garlic Facts

Garlic has been used as a traditional medicine as well as a food flavoring. It is a healthy and delicious addition to many dishes around the world. Its medicinal benefits for both cure and prevention require larger doses, which should be taken with the supervision and advice of a knowledgeable medical practitioner.

Posted in FEATURED, PLANT FOOD FACTS

Walnut Facts

Walnuts are an excellent source of OMEGA-3 and OMEGA-6 FATTY ACIDS, COPPER, PHOSPHOROUS, VITAMIN B6, MANGANESE, ELLAGIC ACID, CATECHIN, MELATONIN, and PHYTIC ACID. Some benefits of eating walnuts are heart health, prevention of cancer, bone health, immune system function, nerve health, regulation of body clock. Walnuts (Juglans regia) are a tree nut belonging to the walnut family. They originated in the Mediterranean region and Central Asia and have been part of the human diet for thousands of years. Even though walnuts are rich in fat and calories, studies indicate that they don’t increase obesity risk when replacing other foods in your diet. Walnuts are richer in polyunsaturated fats than most other nuts. The most abundant one is an omega-6 fatty acid called linoleic acid. They are the only nuts that contain a relatively high percentage of the healthy omega-3 fat alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which is beneficial for heart health and helps reduce inflammation and improve the composition of blood fats. Walnuts are very healthy, but some people are allergic and must avoid them. Phytic acid may impair mineral absorption, though this is usually of no concern to people who eat a balanced diet.

Posted in FEATURED, RECIPES

Thai Peanut Sauce

A tasty sauce for noodles and salads. Use for THAI PEANUT SALAD.

PREP 10 minCOOK 0SERVES 4

INGREDIENTS

  • 1/4 c SMOOTH PEANUT BUTTER
  • 3 Tbsp SOY SAUCE
  • 1 Tbsp HONEY
  • 1 Tbsp APPLE CIDER VINEGAR
  • 1 tsp TAHINI
  • 1 tsp FRESH GINGER, grated
  • 1 1/2 tsp LIME JUICE
  • pinch of RED PEPPER FLAKES

INSTRUCTIONS

  1. Whisk the PEANUT BUTTER and SOY SAUCE until smooth
  2. Add remaining ingredients and continue to whisk until well blended
  3. If it is too thick, add WATER to achieve desired consistency
Posted in FEATURED, PLANT FOOD FACTS

Chickpea (Garbanzo) Facts

The chickpea, an annual legume, is high in protein.

(Spanish: garbanzo) The different types or chickpea are known as gram or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean, Egyptian pea, chana, and chole. Chickpeas are tasty when cooked and seasoned simply, but they can also be used in a variety of combinations and in substitutes for meat and cheese. They are the base of hummus and felafel.


RECIPES

Chickpea Salad

It’s not a coincidence if this healthy chickpea mixture reminds you of a tuna salad you remember from childhood!

Chickpea Croquettes

Delicious chickpea croquettes can be fried without oil in a non-stick skillet or baked at 400º F for 12-15 minutes.

Hummus

Hummus is delicious, nutritious, and quick and easy to make. Delicious with fresh-made pita pockets.

1 ounce (28 g) cooked chickpeas contains%DV
CARBOHYDRATE8 G
CALORIES46
FAT8 G
FIBER2 G
PROTEIN5 G
VITAMIN B9 (FOLATE)12%
COPPER5%
IRON4%
MANGANESE14%
PHOSPHOROUS5%
Sources: Wikipedia / healthline
Posted in FEATURED, PLANT FOOD FACTS

Flaxseed Facts

Among the claims made for flax are that it may reduce cancer risk, improve cholesterol, lower blood pressure, help control blood sugar, and aid in weight control.

Flax is a food and fiber crop cultivated in cooler regions of the world. Textiles made from flax are known in the Western countries as linen. Its oil is known as linseed oil. Flaxseed is rich in dietary fiber and omega-3 fats and it contains high-quality protein. The health benefits were observed with just 1 tablespoon (10 grams) of ground flax seeds per day. However, it’s recommended to keep serving sizes to less than 5 tablespoons (50 grams) of flax seeds per day. Ground flax seeds are easier to digest. Whole flax seeds can be stored longer than powder; grind them in a coffee grinder as needed. Store ground flax seeds in an airtight container.

Add flaxseed to water and drink it as part of your daily fluid intake; use flaxseed oil as a dressing on salad; sprinkle ground flax seeds over your hot or cold breakfast cereal; add them into cookie, muffin, bread or other batters; mix them into smoothies.

1 Tbsp ground flaxseed
calories 37
carbohydrates 2 g
calcium 2% DV
fat 3 g
fiber 1.9 g
folate 2% DV
iron 2% DV
magnesium 7% DV
omega 3 fatty acids 1,597 mg
phosphorous 4% DV
potassium 2% DV
protein 1.3 g
vitamin B1 8% DV
vitamin B6 2% DV
SOURCES WIKIPEDIA / HEALTHLINE